Preheat oven to 325°F (163°C). Grease and flour a 10-cup Bundt or tube pan thoroughly.
Beat softened butter and sugar until pale and fluffy (3–4 minutes).
Mix in eggs one at a time, then add vanilla extract.
Whisk together flour, baking soda, and salt in a separate bowl.
Alternate adding dry ingredients and buttermilk to the creamed mixture, starting and ending with flour. Mix until just combined.
Toss chopped peaches with 2 tbsp flour and gently fold into the batter.
Pour batter into prepared pan and smooth the top. Bake 65–75 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean.
Cool in pan 15 minutes, then invert onto a rack. Once fully cooled, drizzle with glaze made from powdered sugar, milk, and vanilla.