Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil, cook the cheese tortellini until tender, then drain and set aside.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat, add shrimp, season with salt and pepper, and cook for 2–3 minutes per side until pink; remove and set aside.
In the same skillet, melt butter and sauté minced garlic for about a minute until fragrant.
Pour in the heavy cream, stir constantly, and slowly add Parmesan cheese until the sauce turns smooth and thick; thin it out with a splash of milk or broth if needed.
Add the shrimp back in, toss in the tortellini, and stir gently until everything is coated and warmed through.
Top with fresh parsley and extra Parmesan, then serve hot.